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In telecommunications, an optical switch is a switch that enables signals in optical fibers or integrated optical circuits to be selectively switched from one circuit to another. Professor Thomas Krauss, who led the research team at St. Andrewsâ School of Physics and Astronomy, explained: âThe switch is aimed at applications in telecommunications where we foresee its use in the routing of optical signals. The idea of using fiber in the home or office requires small optical circuits that operate with low power. When these can be mass-produced in a cost effective way it helps to keep the cost of the products down.â Currently, typical optical switches are several millimeters wide. The new ultra small switches developed by the scientists at St. Andrewâs University are considerably smaller, and are only several microns wide.
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The St. Andrews research team used photonic crystal technology to reduce the optical switchâs size to only a few wavelengths of light. By using silicon as the material platform, the photonic devices can be mass-produced similarly to computer chips, and can also be integrated with electronic circuitry on the same chip. This new technology addresses the increasing need for optical components at all levels of the optical fiber communications network, which carries the ever-increasing flow of data over the Internet.
In 2007, TFOT covered Intelâs Photonic Lab development of new Silicon-Germanium optical detectors, and Pennsylvania State Universityâs new invention for improved accuracy of optical fibers.
More information on the University of St. Andrewsâ ultra small switches can be found on the Universityâs official website.
