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New Method Doubles Solar Cells Efficiency New Method Doubles Solar Cells Efficiency
Thursday, May 08, 2008 - Sarah Gingichashvili
Home >> News >> Green Technology
  Peralink
Scientists from the University of Washington (UW) have developed a unique method that could drastically boost the efficiency of cheap solar cells. The researchers recently presented their findings at the national meeting of the American Chemical Society. The new method may enable doubling the efficiency of converting solar energy to electricity.

300-nanometer balls, which comprise the film (Credit: University of Washington) 
300-nanometer balls, which comprise
the film (Credit: University of Washington)
At the center of the proposed method is a “popcorn-ball” design, in which tiny kernels are concentrated in much larger porous spheres. According to Guozhong Cao, Professor of materials science and engineering at UW, this structure allowed the researchers to “manipulate” light to their advantage in a way that “can lead to a significant breakthrough in dye-sensitized solar cells".

Dye-sensitized solar cells, composed of a semiconductor formed between a photo-sensitized anode and an electrolyte, can be produced from low-cost materials and require a relatively simple manufacturing process. However, these cells are only about half as efficient as their silicon-based counterparts, and convert just over one tenth of the incoming solar energy into electricity.

The UW scientists decided to abandon the traditional homogeneous rough surface, and replaced it with their “clumping design”. According to the researchers, one of the most important decisions that must be made when making a solar cell regards the size of the grains. On one hand, smaller grains have a bigger surface area per volume ratio, allowing them to absorb more rays of sunlight. On the other hand, bigger clumps, which are closer to the wavelength of visible light, “cause light to ricochet within the thin light-absorbing surface so it has a higher chance of being absorbed.”  
As Professor Cao put it,
"You want to have a larger surface area by making the grains smaller, but if you let the light bounce back and forth several times, then you have more chances of capturing the energy."

The UW team settled on a structure in which very small grains - about 15 nanometers across – are clumped in larger agglomerations – about 300 nanometers across. These large balls scatter the incoming light rays, which thanks to the complex internal structure, are absorbed into the grains’ surface area, about 1,000 square feet of surface area for each gram of material. By forcing the light to travel a longer distance within the solar cell, it is absorbed into a much broader surface area of the smaller grains, which are coated with a dye that captures the light. In this way, the scientists expected to achieve some improvement in the solar cells’ performance. 

 The thin light-absorbing film (Credit: University of Washington)
The thin light-absorbing film
(Credit: University of Washington)
When using only small particles, the scientists achieved an overall efficiency of 2.4 percent – the highest achieved in this material. However, the big surprise came when the researchers applied their “popcorn-ball” design. Using this structure, the electricity conversion efficiency leaped to a record high of 6.2 percent – more than double the previous performance."We did not expect the doubling," Cao said. "It was a happy surprise."

UW scientists performed the experiments using zinc oxide compound, which is easier to work with but less stable chemically than the more commonly used titanium oxide. The team is currently focusing on transferring the concept to titanium oxide-based dye-sensitized solar cells, in hope that the developed strategy will prove itself once again.

TFOT has previously covered a number of innovative solar power technologies, such as the “nano-flakes” – a newly discovered crystalline material that can also efficiently convert almost twice the amount of solar energy into electricity than conventional solar panels. You can also read about EnviroMission’s solar tower project, which is designed so supply more than 200,000 typical Australian homes with enough power so that they will be powered solely by solar electricity within five years.

More information on UW's "popcorn-balls" can be found on the official website of the University of Washington.

Related News New Green Plug Universal Adapters New Green Plug Universal Adapters Hydropower from Vortex-Induced Vibrations Hydropower from Vortex-Induced Vibrations

Related Pictures Zephyr - The Solar Champion Zephyr - The Solar Champion Selsam SuperTurbine Selsam SuperTurbine

Other Articles Green Computing Green Computing Shedding Light on Blindness Shedding Light on Blindness



Comments & Replies (25)
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ugg boots   (01/25/10 - 6:29 - by uggdress)
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We just take 7 days to deliver the products to your door.
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Our UGG Australia Boots are all with top quality:

*100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
*flexible molded EVA outsole
*Insole features a genuine sheepskin sockliner that naturally wicks
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*Wool blend knit uppers with suede heel guards
*Approximate Shaft Height (Uncuffed): 14.5"
*By UGG Australia;Imported.-http://www.uggdress.com/
ugg   (01/25/10 - 6:29 - by addugg)
The original ugg boots is not a brand name but an age old sheepskin
boots generic term for this style of australian-made sheepskin boot.
in Aussie slang, the ug name is short for “ugly.” in terms of comfort,
however, the ug boot is a thing of beauty.Ugg boots are a popular
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ugg boots   (01/25/10 - 6:30 - by mbt4sale)
Legend has it that "ugg" is short for "ugly" - so, "ugg boots"
apparently meant "ugly boots." For decades, "ugg" was generic term
used for sheepskin boots made in Australia.The word was so commonplace
that it was found in Australian dictionaries, and ugg boots were also
known as "ug" or "ugh" boots. But in the United States, when people
refer to "UGG boots," they're usually talking about the boots made by
Deckers Outdoor Corporation, the parent company of "UGG Australia."So
if you're traveling the world and talking about footwear, it's good to
know that when the term "ugg boot" is used, it could be referring to
an Australian-made sheepskin boot, or a popular brand name boot.
We sell authentic UGG Boots in our website for many year.We offer
the best service and favourable price.People all aound the world buy
our products do not pay for the shipping,we charge it!

Our UGG Boots have the advantages below:
* 100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
* genuine twin-fac
ugg boots   (01/25/10 - 6:30 - by shoeuggs)
what's the main point of the boots?the answer is to keep your feet
warm.If you by one pair of boots put them on,especially in
winter,you'll feel very tenderness and comfortable.they can make your
feet warm.and youll find its really fashionable.you can tie-in each
kind of clothes with them and still looks beautifull.

The ugg boots will definitely make you noticeable in a
fashion-conscious crowd,and more importantly,is the fact that these
boots are indeed quite comfortable to wear. these boots have been
popular with swimmers and surfers since the 1970s and are regularly
worn by surfers in california.the design of the boot with its
sheepskin results in considerable thermostatic benefits.
We sell real UGG Australia Boots in our website.You must be
satisfied with our UGG Boots when you receive your order.The UGG Boots
you get will have these advatages:
*100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
*a durable molded rubber outsole.
*The wrap around lace feature add
ugg boots   (01/25/10 - 6:31 - by ugghappy)
Sheepskin and ugg boots are a casual type of boot. Ugg boots are
exceptionally warm and are great for cold weather (up to -30 degrees
Fahrenheit)If you are looking for warmth while trudging around the
house or the city, a sheepskin or ugg boot will be ideal.For girls and
women, ugg boots look fantastic with tight-legged jeans tucked into
them, or with short skirts paired with opaque tights or bare legs. For
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Do you have a pair of UGG Boots?If not,you must will buy a piar in
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more,we charge the shipping fee.So,you just need to pay the fee of
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have your own UGG Boots.Come on!site:uggsmax.com

Our UGG Boots are all with top quality:
*features genuine twin-face sheepskin
*our signatur
ugg boots   (01/25/10 - 6:31 - by uggslike)
Australian ugg's make great gifts for any woman including teenagers,
college students, moms, and career women. they’re available in many
styles and colors so you have a huge variety to choose from.Uggs are
made of sheepskin with flat soles and a soft furry inside. typically,
worn without socks, the ugg boots keeps your feet warm in the winter,
but unexpectedly cool in the summer.

Uggs have been around since the 1930s, when sheep shearers in
australia wore them. these original boots were made of sheepskin all
around, even on the sole. kids uggs sale today we have a hard rubber
sole, making them more durable.site:timberlandonline.net

Our website has womens ugg boots include styles such as the
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mini. the ugg classic cardy is one of the more unique styles in that
it is made of a he
ugg boots   (01/28/10 - 6:48 - by gouggs)
Ugg Boots,also called Ug or Ugg boots,are nowadays one of the most
popular boots.They existed already in 1930's and became popular in
1960's when Australian surfers found out,that they can warm their feet
after coming out from cold water.They have everything you need-comfort
and warmth.You will never be cold in those boots because 100%
sheepskin will warm you even in the coldest days.The natural thermal
properties of sheepskin make possible that Ugg Boots will warm you in
the winter but in the summer your feet will not be wet.It is true that
Ugg is shorter from ugly,but if you know even little bit about fashion
you will know that Ugg boots are not ugly.We can see famous people
like Pamela Anderson or Kate Hudson wearing Ugg Boots.
Nowadays we have new improved Ugg boots for sale.You can get them for
anybody.We have women boots,children boots,slippers and casuals.

Our UGG Australia Boots are all authentic.Their properties and
features as below:

*In cold temperatures,the fleece works
ugg boots   (01/28/10 - 6:49 - by uggdress)
We have been exporter of UGG Australia Boots for many years,our
product are all authentic.Welcome to buy any boots of them in our
website,we charge the shipping fee.
We just take 7 days to deliver the products to your door.
As everyone knows,UGG Australia Boots in australia, and many other
countries as well, ugg boots also ug or uggs are a style of footwear
that has been used generically for well over a hundred
years.Everywhere you go now you find that the ugg boot has become the
latest fashion trend.uggsmax.com

Our UGG Australia Boots are all with top quality:

*100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
*flexible molded EVA outsole
*Insole features a genuine sheepskin sockliner that naturally wicks
away moisture and keeps feet dry
*Wool blend knit uppers with suede heel guards
*Approximate Shaft Height (Uncuffed): 14.5"
*By UGG Australia;Imported.-http://www.uggdress.com/
ugg   (01/28/10 - 6:51 - by addugg)
The original ugg boots is not a brand name but an age old sheepskin
boots generic term for this style of australian-made sheepskin boot.
in Aussie slang, the ug name is short for “ugly.” in terms of comfort,
however, the ug boot is a thing of beauty.Ugg boots are a popular
brand of boot for women,and children.just as the chairman of
australian ugg said, australian ugg is a good choice. once wearing it,
you will be reluctant to take it off and be fascinated by its
originality, reliability and extremely luxurious comfort. this is the
art brought by boots. ugg boots make young beautiful girls and
handsome boys very confident.addugg.com

Our website have many fashion styels of UGG Boots for women and
children.

We provide many advantages as below:
*free shipping
*hidden costs
*professional customers service
*secure processing,plus
*we dont hassle you on returns.if you dont like what youve received,
simply return it!

UGG Boots must be you best choice!-http://www.addugg.com/
ugg boots   (01/28/10 - 6:53 - by mbt4sale)
Legend has it that "ugg" is short for "ugly" - so, "ugg boots"
apparently meant "ugly boots." For decades, "ugg" was generic term
used for sheepskin boots made in Australia.The word was so commonplace
that it was found in Australian dictionaries, and ugg boots were also
known as "ug" or "ugh" boots. But in the United States, when people
refer to "UGG boots," they're usually talking about the boots made by
Deckers Outdoor Corporation, the parent company of "UGG Australia."So
if you're traveling the world and talking about footwear, it's good to
know that when the term "ugg boot" is used, it could be referring to
an Australian-made sheepskin boot, or a popular brand name boot.
We sell authentic UGG Boots in our website for many year.We offer
the best service and favourable price.People all aound the world buy
our products do not pay for the shipping,we charge it!

Our UGG Boots have the advantages below:
* 100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
* genuine twin-fac
ugg boots   (01/28/10 - 6:54 - by ugghappy)
Sheepskin and ugg boots are a casual type of boot. Ugg boots are
exceptionally warm and are great for cold weather (up to -30 degrees
Fahrenheit)If you are looking for warmth while trudging around the
house or the city, a sheepskin or ugg boot will be ideal.For girls and
women, ugg boots look fantastic with tight-legged jeans tucked into
them, or with short skirts paired with opaque tights or bare legs. For
guys, ugg boots work great with jeans, and give a very casual, or
rugged look, depending on the jeans or the shirt you wear with your
ugg boots.site:uggsmax.com

Do you have a pair of UGG Boots?If not,you must will buy a piar in
our website.As we offer the best sevice and favourable price.what's
more,we charge the shipping fee.So,you just need to pay the fee of
boots,and will receive our UGG boots in one week.It is very easy to
have your own UGG Boots.Come on!site:uggsmax.com

Our UGG Boots are all with top quality:
*features genuine twin-face sheepskin
*our signatur
ugg boots   (01/28/10 - 6:56 - by uggmax)
Everywhere you go now you find that the ugg boot has become the latest
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We have been seller of UGG Boots for many years.Our customers are
satisfied with our products as we offer the real UGG Australia Boots:
*100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
*soft genuine sheepskin heel padding
*cushioning insole,flexible fabric-trimmed midsole.
*Lightweight molded EVA traction outsole
*Free shipping
*One week to your door
*If you dont like what youve received, simply return it!
site:uggmax.com
ugg   (01/28/10 - 6:59 - by uggslike)
Australian ugg's make great gifts for any woman including teenagers,
college students, moms, and career women. they’re available in many
styles and colors so you have a huge variety to choose from.Uggs are
made of sheepskin with flat soles and a soft furry inside. typically,
worn without socks, the ugg boots keeps your feet warm in the winter,
but unexpectedly cool in the summer.

Uggs have been around since the 1930s, when sheep shearers in
australia wore them. these original boots were made of sheepskin all
around, even on the sole. kids uggs sale today we have a hard rubber
sole, making them more durable.site:timberlandonline.net

Our website has womens ugg boots include styles such as the
knightsbridge, the mayfaire, the ultra short, the ultra tall, the
sundance, the nightfall, the classic tall, the bailey button, the
metallic tall, the classic cardy, the classic short and the classic
mini. the ugg classic cardy is one of the more unique styles in that
it is made of a he
ugg   (02/04/10 - 10:19 - by bootscardy)
Ugg Boots,also called Ug or Ugg boots,are nowadays one of the most
popular boots.They existed already in 1930's and became popular in
1960's when Australian surfers found out,that they can warm their feet
after coming out from cold water.They have everything you need-comfort
and warmth.You will never be cold in those boots because 100%
sheepskin will warm you even in the coldest days.The natural thermal
properties of sheepskin make possible that Ugg Boots will warm you in
the winter but in the summer your feet will not be wet.It is true that
Ugg is shorter from ugly,but if you know even little bit about fashion
you will know that Ugg boots are not ugly.We can see famous people
like Pamela Anderson or Kate Hudson wearing Ugg Boots.

Nowadays we have new improved Ugg boots for sale.You can get them for
anybody.We have women boots,children boots,slippers and casuals.

Our UGG Australia Boots are all authentic.Their properties and
features as below:

*In cold temperatures,the fleece works
UGG   (02/26/10 - 10:31 - by bootscardy)
Ugg Boots,also called Ug or Ugg boots,are nowadays one of the most
popular boots.They existed already in 1930's and became popular in
1960's when Australian surfers found out,that they can warm their feet
after coming out from cold water.They have everything you need-comfort
and warmth.You will never be cold in those boots because 100%
sheepskin will warm you even in the coldest days.The natural thermal
properties of sheepskin make possible that Ugg Boots will warm you in
the winter but in the summer your feet will not be wet.It is true that
Ugg is shorter from ugly,but if you know even little bit about fashion
you will know that Ugg boots are not ugly.We can see famous people
like Pamela Anderson or Kate Hudson wearing Ugg Boots.

Nowadays we have new improved Ugg boots for sale.You can get them for
anybody.We have women boots,children boots,slippers and casuals.

Our UGG Australia Boots are all authentic.Their properties and
features as below:

*In cold temperatures,the fleece works
UGG   (02/26/10 - 10:32 - by bootsdept)
We have been exporter of UGG Australia Boots for many years,our
product are all authentic.Welcome to buy any boots of them in our
website,we charge the shipping fee.
We just take 7 days to deliver the products to your door.

As everyone knows,UGG Australia Boots in australia, and many other
countries as well, ugg boots also ug or uggs are a style of footwear
that has been used generically for well over a hundred
years.Everywhere you go now you find that the ugg boot has become the
latest fashion trend.

Our UGG Australia Boots are all with top quality:

*100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
*flexible molded EVA outsole
*Insole features a genuine sheepskin sockliner that naturally wicks
away moisture and keeps feet dry
*Wool blend knit uppers with suede heel guards
*Approximate Shaft Height (Uncuffed): 14.5"
*By UGG Australia;Imported.

welcome to www.bootsdept.com
BOOTS   (02/26/10 - 10:33 - by bootshotsale)
The original ugg boots is not a brand name but an age old sheepskin
boots generic term for this style of australian-made sheepskin boot.
in Aussie slang, the ug name is short for “ugly.” in terms of comfort,
however, the ug boot is a thing of beauty.Ugg boots are a popular
brand of boot for women,and children.just as the chairman of
australian ugg said, australian ugg is a good choice. once wearing it,
you will be reluctant to take it off and be fascinated by its
originality, reliability and extremely luxurious comfort. this is the
art brought by boots. ugg boots make young beautiful girls and
handsome boys very confident.

Our website have many fashion styels of UGG Boots for women and
children.

We provide many advantages as below:
*free shipping
*hidden costs
*professional customers service
*secure processing,plus
*we dont hassle you on returns.if you dont like what youve received,
simply return it!

UGG Boots must be you best choice!
welcome to www.bootshotsale.com
BOOTS   (02/26/10 - 10:36 - by famousuggs)
what's the main point of the boots?the answer is to keep your feet
warm.If you by one pair of boots put them on,especially in
winter,you'll feel very tenderness and comfortable.they can make your
feet warm.and youll find its really fashionable.you can tie-in each
kind of clothes with them and still looks beautifull.

The ugg boots will definitely make you noticeable in a
fashion-conscious crowd,and more importantly,is the fact that these
boots are indeed quite comfortable to wear. these boots have been
popular with swimmers and surfers since the 1970s and are regularly
worn by surfers in california.the design of the boot with its
sheepskin results in considerable thermostatic benefits.


We sell real UGG Australia Boots in our website.You must be satisfied
with our UGG Boots when you receive your order.The UGG Boots you get
will have these advatages:
*100% authentic sheepskin for unrivalled comfort
*a durable molded rubber outsole.
*The wrap around lace feature adds a fashionable touc
BOOTS   (02/26/10 - 10:37 - by findugg)
Sheepskin and ugg boots are a casual type of boot. Ugg boots are
exceptionally warm and are great for cold weather (up to -30 degrees
Fahrenheit)If you are looking for warmth while trudging around the
house or the city, a sheepskin or ugg boot will be ideal.For girls and
women, ugg boots look fantastic with tight-legged jeans tucked into
them, or with short skirts paired with opaque tights or bare legs. For
guys, ugg boots work great with jeans, and give a very casual, or
rugged look, depending on the jeans or the shirt you wear with your
ugg boots.

Do you have a pair of UGG Boots?If not,you must will buy a piar in our
website.As we offer the best sevice and favourable price.what's
more,we charge the shipping fee.So,you just need to pay the fee of
boots,and will receive our UGG boots in one week.It is very easy to
have your own UGG Boots.Come on!

Our UGG Boots are all with top quality:
*features genuine twin-face sheepskin
*our signature UGG woven label
*feature a soft foam insole
BOOTS   (02/26/10 - 10:37 - by findugg)
Sheepskin and ugg boots are a casual type of boot. Ugg boots are
exceptionally warm and are great for cold weather (up to -30 degrees
Fahrenheit)If you are looking for warmth while trudging around the
house or the city, a sheepskin or ugg boot will be ideal.For girls and
women, ugg boots look fantastic with tight-legged jeans tucked into
them, or with short skirts paired with opaque tights or bare legs. For
guys, ugg boots work great with jeans, and give a very casual, or
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Do you have a pair of UGG Boots?If not,you must will buy a piar in our
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more,we charge the shipping fee.So,you just need to pay the fee of
boots,and will receive our UGG boots in one week.It is very easy to
have your own UGG Boots.Come on!

Our UGG Boots are all with top quality:
*features genuine twin-face sheepskin
*our signature UGG woven label
*feature a soft foam insole
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